Barry HarrisThe method
8.9

Bird’s devicesThe tritone line, ninths as seconds, phrases from Confirmation and Scrapple

Barry taught Charlie Parker’s moves directly: a whole D7 line against E♭ minor 7 to A♭7 on Indiana, and F♯7 for C7 on Embraceable You (its ninth called a second). He also built phrases with a band on Bird’s Confirmation.

In plain words

In Back Home Again in Indiana, where the pianist plays E♭ minor 7 to A♭7, Bird played a whole D7 phrase, the tritone of A♭7, right against it. Barry played it for the class, said that was the way Bird did it, called it really effective, and said it should be written out.

Bird’s D7 line on Indiana0:341:11Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You0:00

So horn players should work on the tritone forms as well as the written changes: A♭7 into D7, or D7 straight against the E♭ minor to A♭7. Barry also played A7 in place of E♭7 and tried running it on into D7. A pianist can play the chord and hear how far outside the line is; a horn player has to practise it without that help. He complained that he does not hear horn players play tritones on their records.

Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You1:105:50Bird’s D7 line on Indiana2:543:304:375:13

On Embraceable You, while the pianist plays G minor 7 to C7, Barry turned the C7 into F♯7, and he showed Bird doing the same: on the tritone of C, Bird played F♯7’s tonic, fifth and ninth. Barry would not call it a ninth, only a second. He then had a trumpet player take the tonic of C7 and climb chromatically from its second to its third, repeat that on F♯7, and on reaching F start on the second rather than the tonic.

Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You2:334:014:40Bird’s tritone line on Embraceable You0:000:32

Bird’s tunes were also material for building phrases with a band. On Confirmation Barry had the players fit a quick sixteenth-note triplet into a C7 phrase that lands on F, and play the chord on the seventh of F7 from a half step below before coming down chromatically to B♭. The bass player had to learn the phrases too, and a phrase that would jump register was to be pivoted up an octave instead.

Confirmation1:462:283:014:535:276:057:579:39

Step by step

  1. Indiana: where the pianist plays E♭ minor 7 to A♭7, play a D7 line, the tritone of A♭7, against it.

    Bird’s D7 line on Indiana0:34Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You0:001:10

  2. Barry’s experiment in chaining tritones: for E♭7 play A7, its tritone, then try running the A7 on into D7, the tritone of A♭7.

    Bird’s D7 line on Indiana2:54

  3. Embraceable You: where the pianist plays G minor 7 to C7, play F♯7. Bird used its tonic, fifth and second (the ninth).

    F♯7: tonic, fifth, second
    1. F♯
    2. C♯
    3. G♯

    Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You2:33Bird’s tritone line on Embraceable You0:000:32

  4. Barry’s trumpet drill: on C7, the tonic, then the second rising chromatically to the third. Do the same on F♯7, its tritone. Then, arriving at F, hit the second (G) instead of the tonic.

    On C7
    𝄞♯
    1. C
    2. D
    3. D♯
    4. E
    Same on F♯7
    𝄞♯♯♯
    1. F♯
    2. G♯
    3. A
    4. A♯

    Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You4:014:40

  5. Confirmation, F7 to B♭7: play the chord on the seventh of F7 starting from a half step below its first note, beginning on the ‘and’ of one with a triplet; come down chromatically to B♭, then play the fifth, sixth and seventh of B♭7.

    Chord on the seventh of F7, from D
    𝄞♭♭
    1. D
    2. E♭
    3. G
    4. B♭
    5. D
    Then 5, 6, ♭7 of B♭7
    𝄞♭
    1. F
    2. G
    3. A♭

    Confirmation5:276:05

an added note, outside the scale

How he said to practise it

  • Practise each dominant into its tritone (A♭7 into D7, not only E♭7 into A♭7), and practise the tritone into the tonic as if it were the main chord: E7 into E♭ major as well as B♭7 into E♭ major.

    Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You1:10Bird’s D7 line on Indiana5:13

  • Write out Bird’s phrases, as Barry wanted done with the Indiana line, and learn them. In a band class everyone, the bass player included, should learn the phrases.

    Bird’s D7 line on Indiana1:11Confirmation4:535:27

  • Build the phrase in pieces over the tune, then play it with the band in time, and add a pickup or a triplet where the rhythm needs it.

    Confirmation1:464:1711:0211:35

In Barry’s words

Each one plays from the moment he says it. Every other moment he teaches it is listed below.

He played a whole D-seven against E-flat minor to A-flat seven.

Bird’s D7 line on Indiana, The Hague, 1989–98. Bird on Back Home Again in Indiana, against the pianist’s ii–V. 0:35 Watch on YouTube at 0:35

While some of the horn players are... practicing E flat minor 7 into A flat 7, they should be practicing A flat 7 into D7.

Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You, The Hague, 1989–98. Telling horn players what to practise instead of the written changes. 1:10 Watch on YouTube at 1:10

[Tritone] notes are unbelievable notes.

Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You, The Hague, 1989–98. Before a trumpet drill turning C7 into F♯7 on Embraceable You. 4:01 Watch on YouTube at 4:01

I don’t like to call it 9th, I call it 2nd.

Bird’s tritone line on Embraceable You, The Hague, 1989–98. On the ninth Bird played over F♯7 on Embraceable You. 0:34 Watch on YouTube at 0:34

Where this comes from

Everything above is drawn from these. Open any one to check it.

Every moment he teaches it12 moments in 5 recordings

Each time opens the transcript there; the video plays when you are online.

Bird’s D7 line on Indiana

The Hague, 1989–98 — 6 min On YouTube

  1. 0:34

    Indiana: plays Bird’s whole D7 line against E♭ minor 7 to A♭7.

    Watch on YouTube at 0:34

  2. 1:11

    That is how Bird played it; really effective; it should be written out.

    Watch on YouTube at 1:11

  3. 2:54

    Plays A7 for E♭7, then tries running the A7 into D7.

    Watch on YouTube at 2:54

  4. 3:30

    You have to learn tritones; why the four related sevenths are practised together.

    Watch on YouTube at 3:30

Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You

The Hague, 1989–98 — 6 min On YouTube

  1. 0:00

    Indiana again: Bird played the whole tritone while the piano played E♭ minor to A♭7.

    Watch on YouTube

  2. 1:10

    Horn players should practise A♭7 into D7, or D7 right against the ii–V.

    Watch on YouTube at 1:10

  3. 2:33

    Embraceable You: plays G minor 7 to C7 but turns the C7 into F♯7.

    Watch on YouTube at 2:33

  4. 4:01

    Trumpet drill: tonic, then second up chromatically to the third, on C7 and F♯7; land on G.

    Watch on YouTube at 4:01

Bird’s tritone line on Embraceable You

The Hague, 1989–98 — 1 min On YouTube

  1. 0:00

    Bird on Embraceable You: F♯7 for C, tonic, fifth and ninth, which Barry calls a second.

    Watch on YouTube

Confirmation

The Hague, 1989–98 — 15 min On YouTube

  1. 1:46

    Confirmation: builds a C7 phrase with a sixteenth-note triplet that lands on F.

    Watch on YouTube at 1:46

  2. 5:27

    Confirmation: chord on the seventh of F7 from a half step below, chromatic down to B♭.

    Watch on YouTube at 5:27

Bird Feathers

The Hague, 1989–98 — 2 min On YouTube

  1. 0:36

    Bird Feathers: think of the rhythm of Bird’s lines rather than the notes, and sing it.

    Watch on YouTube at 0:36

From the lessons2 lessons, 6 points

Notes taken from Barry’s classes, each tied to the moment it comes from.

The soloist plays the V into its tritone

  1. Idea

    A guitarist who spoke at Barry’s funeral recalled a Barry workshop: after showing how to start singing a tune from any point in the bar, Barry turned to improvisation and told the room there is no such thing as a ii-V. The pianist plays the ii-V for colour, but the horn player plays the V, the dominant, into its tritone.

    Barry Harris Funeral56:05The Great Pianist Barry Harris’ Funeral At Abyssinian Baptist Church In Harlem42:16

  2. Idea

    Barry showed a spot in Back Home Again in Indiana where, while the pianist plays E-flat minor 7 to A-flat 7, Charlie Parker (Bird) played a phrase built entirely on the tritone: a whole D7 line against the E-flat minor to A-flat 7. Barry called it really effective and said it should be written out.

    Bird’s D7 line on Indiana0:341:11Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You0:00

  3. Exercise

    Practise the tritone versions, not only the written ones. Barry said horn players who only practise E-flat 7 into A-flat 7 should also practise A-flat 7 into D7, or D7 played right against the pianist’s E-flat minor to A-flat 7. He demonstrated a phrase running E-flat 7 into A7; over E-flat 7 he played A7, then tried running that A7 on into D7. He was frustrated that horn players on records so seldom play tritones.

    Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You0:001:105:50Bird’s D7 line on Indiana2:54

  4. Exercise

    While the pianist plays his ii-V, G minor to C7, the soloist turns the C7 into F-sharp 7. Barry’s exercise for a trumpet player: play the tonic of C, then go from the second chromatically up to the third; do the same thing on F-sharp 7; then, arriving at F, hit the second instead of the tonic. He called the tritone notes unbelievable notes.

    Tritone lines on Indiana and Embraceable You2:334:014:40

Confirmation: two phrases from Barry’s class

  1. Exercise

    Over the C7, use the fifth and sixth (G and A) with the fourth in a quick sixteenth-note triplet, then go to E (the third of C) and the tonic C, then come down a triad starting from D. The last note lands on F major. Barry then added a pickup to the phrase, the D concert just before it, and liked it better that way.

    Confirmation1:462:283:014:17

  2. Exercise

    Another phrase: play the chord on the seventh of F7, approached from a half step below its first note. Then come down chromatically to the tonic of B flat, followed by the fifth, sixth and seventh of B flat 7. Barry pointed out that these pieces go together.

    Confirmation5:276:05

In writing5 notes

What his interviews, his students’ class notes and other teachers’ articles add.

How other teachers explain it2 videos, 7 series episodes
Read further3 links

These open on the web.

Free to read

Books and paid courses