Barry HarrisThe method
10.3

Moving a chord through its scale into the next chord (6-6-6 instead of ii-V-I)

Hear each chord as a sixth chord that belongs to a scale of chords, and move its voicing along that scale until the motion lands on the next chord: as a section of his workshop video puts it, sixth, sixth, sixth instead of ii-V-I.

In plain words

Barry wanted you to know which scale every chord belongs to, because then you know where you can move it. Think of the harmony as a sixth chord: A minor 7 is really C6, and the half-diminished is a minor sixth with the sixth in the bass. A sixth chord plus its diminished makes a sixth diminished scale, and a voicing can travel up and down that scale instead of sitting on one chord.

Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes6:186:537:27Barry Harris: Using Major 6 Diminished scale (with Live Transcript)1:00Believe: a talk to musicians23:43Howard Rees’ Jazz Workshops, Major & Minor 6th Dim. Scales: Becoming Familiar with the 6th Diminished Scales ¶4

From any note of the scale you should be able to move. Barry took C6, which is also A minor 7, grabbed its notes and moved them in contrary motion, calling it just a little move that comes from knowing the scale. Another time he simply went up an E♭ minor sixth diminished scale in chords and let his ear tell him where to go. Once you know the scale of chords, he said, your instrument is connected: you go through a scale of chords, not from one chord to another.

Barry Harris: Using Major 6 Diminished scale (with Live Transcript)0:001:00Chords become scales5:185:54Believe: a talk to musicians53:12

The motion has to arrive somewhere. In one class he had a pianist play B♭ minor 6 with G in the bass, borrow a diminished note, walk the right hand up the scale, and then land on a C chord. His second workshop video includes movement exercises in which you think sixth, sixth, sixth instead of ii-V-I, and he had no time for players who turn everything into ii-Vs.

Borrowed diminished notes on All the Things You Are7:207:528:26Chords and the diminished, in The Hague2:14Barry Harris (on video); Howard Rees (producer, The Barry Harris Workshop Video Part 2: product page and 156-page workbook table of contents ¶20

Moving a chord up the sixth diminished scale gives different chords from moving it up the plain major scale, and fourths appear among them. He also had the scales practised in contrary motion and then filled in.

Introducing the sixth diminished scale5:549:33Practising the sixth diminished scales4:104:45

Step by step

  1. Read each chord symbol as a sixth chord. A minor 7 is the major sixth chord a minor third above its root; a half-diminished is the minor sixth a minor third above its root; a dominant can be the minor sixth on its fifth.

    Dm7 = F6
    𝄞
    1. F
    2. A
    3. C
    4. D
    Dm7♭5 = Fm6
    𝄞♭
    1. F
    2. A♭
    3. C
    4. D
    G7 → Dm6
    𝄞
    1. D
    2. F
    3. A
    4. B

    Barry Harris: Using Major 6 Diminished scale (with Live Transcript)1:00Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes6:18Believe: a talk to musicians23:43Howard Rees’ Jazz Workshops, Major & Minor 6th Dim. Scales: Becoming Familiar with the 6th Diminished Scales ¶17Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings, Part I: Barry Harris Keeps Things Movin’ ¶27

  2. Move the voicing along that sixth chord’s scale of chords: each voice steps to the next scale note, so the sixth chord and its diminished alternate.

    C6
    𝄞
    1. C
    2. E
    3. G
    4. A
    B° (all voices up a step)
    𝄞♭
    1. D
    2. F
    3. A♭
    4. B
    C6, first inversion
    𝄞
    1. E
    2. G
    3. A
    4. C

    Barry Harris: Using Major 6 Diminished scale (with Live Transcript)1:00Introducing the sixth diminished scale6:30Howard Rees’ Jazz Workshops, Major & Minor 6th Dim. Scales: Becoming Familiar with the 6th Diminished Scales ¶11

  3. Instead of ii-V-I, think sixth, sixth, sixth. Howard Rees shows it on ii-V-I in C: Dm7, G7 and C become F6, D minor 6, then G6 and C6. Voiced close together, only one or two notes move each time.

    Dm7 as F6
    𝄞
    1. A
    2. C
    3. D
    4. F
    G7 as Dm6 (C→B)
    𝄞
    1. A
    2. B
    3. D
    4. F
    C as G6 (A→G, F→E)
    𝄞
    1. G
    2. B
    3. D
    4. E
    then C6 (B→A, D→C)
    𝄞
    1. G
    2. A
    3. C
    4. E

    Sixth Chord Moves for II V I VI Progression1:151:48Barry Harris (on video); Howard Rees (producer, The Barry Harris Workshop Video Part 2: product page and 156-page workbook table of contents ¶20Howard Rees’ Jazz Workshops, Major & Minor 6th Dim. Scales: Becoming Familiar with the 6th Diminished Scales ¶17

  4. Let the motion lead into the next chord, not just decorate the current one. Howard Rees’ example: for Am7♭5 to D7, think C minor 6, move it along the C minor sixth diminished scale into the D7, and voice the D7 from the E♭ minor sixth diminished scale.

    Am7♭5 as Cm6
    𝄞♭
    1. C
    2. E♭
    3. G
    4. A
    D7 as E♭m6
    𝄞♭♭♭
    1. E♭
    2. G♭
    3. B♭
    4. C

    Borrowed diminished notes on All the Things You Are7:52Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings ¶6

  5. Use contrary motion: start both hands on one note and move them apart along the scale, filling in the voices between them.

    Practising the sixth diminished scales4:104:45Barry Harris: Using Major 6 Diminished scale (with Live Transcript)1:00Howard Rees, Evolutionary Voicings, Part I: Barry Harris Keeps Things Movin’ ¶41

How he said to practise it

  • Play a chord, work out which scale it belongs to, and move it up the scale. Barry closed the last disc of his workshop videos with this advice.

    Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes7:27Vera Marijt (research coach Jarmo Hoogendijk), Barry Harris: Exploring the Diminished (MA research paper) ¶172

  • Start from every note of the scale in turn and move a chord from there, including in contrary motion.

    Barry Harris: Using Major 6 Diminished scale (with Live Transcript)0:001:00

  • Practise the scales in contrary motion, fill in the chords between the hands, and then try the moves inside a song.

    Practising the sixth diminished scales4:104:45Barry Harris: Using Major 6 Diminished scale (with Live Transcript)2:26

In Barry’s words

Each one plays from the moment he says it. Every other moment he teaches it is listed below.

Then you know where to move it... If you know how to move it, oh man, it’s so much fun once you get started.

Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes, New York City. After saying a pianist may not know that each chord he plays belongs to a scale. 7:27 Watch on YouTube at 7:27

From any one of the notes you should be able to move... You know what will happen if I go contrary?... Just a little move, so he has to know the scale.

Barry Harris: Using Major 6 Diminished scale (with Live Transcript), Spain, 2007–08. Moving the notes of C6, which is also A minor 7. 1:00 Watch on YouTube at 1:00

Practice your scales, play a chord, find out what scale it belongs to and move it up the scale

Vera Marijt (research coach Jarmo Hoogendijk), Barry Harris: Exploring the Diminished (MA research paper). Barry’s closing words on the last disc of his workshop videos, as a student reports them. ¶172

When you learn the scales, a scale of chords, your instrument becomes connected all up. It’s not a chord to a chord, it’s a scale of chords.

Believe: a talk to musicians, Almería, 2014. Talking in Almería about guitarists who don’t know the scales of chords. 52:48 Watch on YouTube at 52:48

Where this comes from

Everything above is drawn from these. Open any one to check it.

Every moment he teaches it12 moments in 10 recordings

Each time opens the transcript there; the video plays when you are online.

Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes

New York City — 8 min On YouTube

  1. 6:53

    Every chord a pianist plays belongs to a scale; knowing it tells you where to move it.

    Watch on YouTube at 6:53

Barry Harris: Using Major 6 Diminished scale (with Live Transcript)

Spain, 2007–08 — 3 min On YouTube

  1. 1:00

    C6 is A minor 7; grabs its notes and moves them in contrary motion.

    Watch on YouTube at 1:00

Borrowed diminished notes on All the Things You Are

The Hague, 1989–98 — 17 min On YouTube

  1. 7:52

    A pianist walks B♭ minor 6 over G up its scale with the right hand, then lands on C.

    Watch on YouTube at 7:52

  2. 8:26

    Moves the top part through the diminished to the minor sixth, then on to the next chord.

    Watch on YouTube at 8:26

Chords become scales

The Hague, 1989–98 — 11 min On YouTube

  1. 5:18

    Goes up an E♭ minor sixth diminished scale in chords and lets his ear choose where to go.

    Watch on YouTube at 5:18

  2. 8:59

    A chord has become a scale thing for him; chording, he says, has to be scales you learn.

    Watch on YouTube at 8:59

Eyes of the Masters: the first progression

New York City — 5 min On YouTube

  1. 1:20

    Says the chord movement he just made up comes from knowing the scale of chords.

    Watch on YouTube at 1:20

Believe: a talk to musicians

Almería, 2014 — 60 min On YouTube

  1. 53:12

    With the scale of chords your instrument is connected: not chord to chord but a scale of chords.

    Watch on YouTube at 53:12

Practising the sixth diminished scales

The Hague, 1989–98 — 31 min On YouTube

  1. 3:36

    Alternates minor sixth and diminished chords on the scale; has students practise contrary motion and fill in.

    Watch on YouTube at 3:36

Introducing the sixth diminished scale

The Hague, 1989–98 — 27 min On YouTube

  1. 9:33

    Moving a chord up the sixth diminished scale gives other chords than the major scale, fourths among them.

    Watch on YouTube at 9:33

Chords and the diminished, in The Hague

10 min On YouTube

  1. 2:14

    At The Hague, complains that people try to make everything a ii-V.

    Watch on YouTube at 2:14

Chord movement on the diminished scale

Spain, 2007–08 — 2 min On YouTube

  1. 0:41

    Spain 2008: tries chord moves on the diminished scale, noting what sits comfortably in the hand.

    Watch on YouTube at 0:41

From the lessons1 lesson, 5 points

Notes taken from Barry’s classes, each tied to the moment it comes from.

From chords to a scale of chords

  1. Exercise

    Take a chord and practise moving its notes in every possible way: move the top and the bottom, or only the left hand. Barry says that when he hits a chord he wants to know how to move everything, and he relates this to knowing the diminished around it. Sometimes simply leaving one note where it is sounds pretty.

    Chording as a scale0:451:203:48Chords become scales3:48

  2. Idea

    Barry demonstrated simply going up one of these scales on E-flat in chords and letting his ear tell him where to go. For him a chord becomes a scale: chording, he says, has to be learned as scales, and that is the only way to real creativity. On F6, for example, he notes that he has the C and also the D-flat to work with.

    Chording as a scale5:259:00Chords become scales5:188:59

  3. Exercise

    Everybody should know these scales, Barry says, in tenths as well, and you can practise them in all kinds of ways, even as stride.

    Chording as a scale8:16Chords become scales8:16

  4. Idea

    A pianist may play decent chords yet not know that each chord belongs to a scale of chords. Once you know which scale a chord belongs to, Barry says, you know where you can move it, and that is when it becomes fun.

    Jazz theory, part 4: borrowing diminished notes6:537:27

  5. Idea

    Barry said that even good guitar players do not know the scale of chords unless they have been in his class, and that he never heard any of them use the dominant seventh with a flat five, a chord he clearly loves. There are four scales of chords you should know; once you learn them your instrument becomes connected, and you move horizontally through a scale of chords instead of going chord to chord vertically. He said a guitar player is supposed to know everything, and that the instrument is, in his view, perfect.

    Believe: a talk to musicians27:4451:3052:3856:03

In writing6 notes

What his interviews, his students’ class notes and other teachers’ articles add.

How other teachers explain it12 videos, 72 series episodes

Barry’s students, and their students, teaching it their way. A second opinion, not Barry.

In the teaching series

Episodes on this idea in the long series by other teachers. Each name opens that whole series in order.

Read further5 links

These open on the web.

Books and paid courses